SDGs and COVID-19

This challenge invites you to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by looking at the current and ongoing change in the monitoring indicators of the UN SDGs using Earth observation/remote sensing and global Earth system model-derived analysis products.

Light As Air

Summary

The Light As Air project provides insight on the impact of COVID-19 on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, specifically SDG No. 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities. Our team focused on two facets of the issue: air quality and levels of night luminescence in urban areas. When searching for data on air quality, we decided to use levels of carbon monoxide (CO), which is detrimental to human health, as a way of quantizing air quality. When considering the economic impact of COVID on our society, we decided to use night lights as an indicator. The level of light given off by an urban area can be used to determine fluctuations in consumption and general activity.

How We Addressed This Challenge

Our project quantifies and graphs levels of luminescence at night to determine the economic impact COVID-19 has had and displays the levels of carbon monoxide (CO) to determine how the air quality of several cities worldwide has changed in quality. The main focus of our project was to analyze the effects of COVID-19 on achieving SDG 11, Sustainable Cities and Communities. By graphing the change in economical and environmental factors over the course of the lockdown, especially when compared to levels present before the lockdown, we determined the extent to which COVID-19 has affected the progress of SDG 11.

How We Developed This Project

Focusing on SDG 11, Sustainable Cities and Communities, we decided to explore the impacts of COVID-19 by focusing on two indicators of urban development: how natural disasters like COVID-19 impact the economy, and what effect they have on the environment. With this in mind, we first began to search for ways that changes in the economy are reflected in data obtained from space, and we discovered that nighttime light can be used as a valuable indicator of economic activity. We sought to find and analyze pictures of major cities, both before and after they were affected by COVID-19. To do this, we searched a variety of databases, considering taking the average of multiple NASA Worldview images; eventually, we settled on using an API to gather images of city night light given specific coordinates and dates. Using this information, we found an association between COVID-19 and decreased nightlight, implying a possible indirect decrease in consumption, thus relating to GDP. We were also focused on finding out how air quality was impacted by the coronavirus. We discovered that air quality is dependent on the amount of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere. We found data for a few major cities and investigated the changes in CO and NO2 levels before, during, and after the quarantine. Our next step was to display these changes in the form of graphs to better compare them. We observed that during the pandemic, air quality increased, since both CO and NO2 levels decreased.

Project Demo

https://sfwang.wixsite.com/mysite

Data & Resources

Earth Observation Group, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI): The VIIRS DNB Nighttime Lights Data, www.ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/viirs/download_dnb_composites.html.

AirNow Department of State, gispub.epa.gov/airnow/index.html?tab=3.

NASA GSFC, airquality.gsfc.nasa.gov/.

IASI-FT, iasi-ft.eu/covid-19/east-usa-air-pollution/.


Tags
#air quality #night light #sustainable #development #unsdgs #sdg11 #daynightband #colevels
Global Judging
This project was submitted for consideration during the Space Apps Global Judging process.